ASSIGNMENT
ON THEORITICAL BASES OF NATURAL SCIENCE
TOPIC
|
JINIMOL RAJU
NATURAL SCIENCE
MOUNT TABOR TRAINING COLEGE
PATHANAPURAM
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INTRODUCTION
Education
is the process of facilitating learning.
Knowledge,
skills,
values,
beliefs,
and habits of a group of people are
transferred to other people, through storytelling, discussion, teaching,
training, or research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of
educators, but learners may also educate themselves in a process called autodidactic
learning. Any experience that has a formative effect on the way
one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational.Early childhood education focuses on
children’s development during ages three to five. While this developmental
period should ideally focus equally on mental and physical development, in
recent decades an emphasis has been placed on mental development, creating a
concurrent de-emphasis on physical development. However, the two actually go
hand-in-hand and should not be considered two separate entities during early
childhood development and education.
Through a variety of
social and educational events, Student Life and Leadership offers many
opportunities to build relationships with peers, faculty, and staff. Club
involvement provides students with the opportunity to engage with others who
share mutual interests. Sometimes, these interests are related to a degree
(Partners in Art, Honors Society, Computer Club); other students may gravitate
to clubs where students share a common interest in an activity (Dance Club,
Anime Club, Outdoor Recreation Club); and, some clubs are simply a great way to
meet other people (Christian Club, Veterans Club, International Club). Research
confirms that student who invest significant amounts of time in their
extra-curricular and co-curricular experience will ultimately perform better
academically and those who do not.
MANUSCRIPT
A manuscript is a handwritten composition on paper, bark, cloth, metal, palm leaf or any other material. They reflect the magnificence of the Indian civilisation including languages, philosophy, art and architecture. Indian Manuscripts were written in various languages and the scripts form the historical records. The major manuscripts are written in Sanskrit language. There are 39,300 scripts and are written in Grantha, Devanagari, Nandinagari, Telugu scripts. The Sanskrit Collection of the Sarasvati Mahal is largest manuscripts of India containing the major works of Sanskrit literature beginning with the Vedas. These manuscripts are available in palm leaf and paper form. In addition to that the scripts come in languages including Tamil, Marathi and Telugu. The Marathi Paper Manuscripts existed during the reign of Marathas of Thanjavur from 1676 to
There are several manuscripts found through out India which are considered as Vijnananidhi, the Treasures of India. Few of them can be mentioned as Kalachakravatara, Shaivagamatantra, Maiteryavyakaranam , Astasahasrikaprajnaparamita, Kubjikamata, Samputatika, Mahabhashya, Upmitibhavaprapanchakatha, Kurbararattamala, Chikitsasarasangraha, Basavapurana, Shunya Sampadane, Natyashastra, Dhul wa, Sarvarogaharanagunagambhirata, Gitagovinda, Arsharamayana, Ramayana, Arthashastra, Kalila-wa-Dimna, Al-Quran-al-Majid, Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri, Gilgit Manuscripts, Baburnama, Tarikh-i-Khandan-i-Timuria, Ratnamalavyakarana, Kitab al-Tasrif, Chitra Bhagavat, Aryabhadra-kalapika-nama-mahayana-sutra, Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri, Aryamanjushreemulakalpam and many others.
Importance of manuscript in education.
Historians often work with handwritten documents and
manuscripts kept in archives and rare book libraries. These can a variety of
pieces of information. The old documents held by a government archive might tell
a medievalist a great deal about how a given medieval government administered
funds, made appointments, awarded pensions, carried various projects and fought
wars, conducted diplomatic relationships.
Manuscripts of books created before printing can tell us much about language, its development and evolution (printing had the effect of encouraging rapid standardization, so we can learn a lot from handwritten books), about the development of writing, and about various social, religious, and cultural interests and preoccupations of the peoples of the past. Some of these are even illustrated, so we can learn much about art from them and even about fashion and house construction.
In other words, these materials can and have communicated to us an enormous number of things about the past
Manuscripts of books created before printing can tell us much about language, its development and evolution (printing had the effect of encouraging rapid standardization, so we can learn a lot from handwritten books), about the development of writing, and about various social, religious, and cultural interests and preoccupations of the peoples of the past. Some of these are even illustrated, so we can learn much about art from them and even about fashion and house construction.
In other words, these materials can and have communicated to us an enormous number of things about the past
MAGAZINES.
Magazines are publications,
usually periodical publications, that are printed orelectronically published. (The online
versions are called online
magazines.) They are generally published on a regular schedule and
contain a variety of content.
They are generally financed by advertising,
by a purchase
price, by prepaidsubscriptions, or a combination of the
three. At its root, the word "magazine" refers to a
collection or storage location. In the case of written publication, it is a
collection of written articles. (This explains why magazine publications share
the word root with gunpowder magazines, artillery magazines, firearms magazines, and, in various languages
although not English, retail stores such as department
stores).
For the management of the school
magazine, an Editorial Board is formed comprising some teachers and students.
The editor is very often a senior member of the school/college. He/she is
assisted by good and intelligent students of the higher classes. The students
send their articles to the editor or any member of the editorial board. Then a
selection is made and the best articles are published in the magazine with
necessary addition and changes.
Role of magazine in schools.
In schools magazines are useful in many ways.
They have a great educative value. They encourage students to think and write.
So they develop their writing skills and talent. These magazines are a means of
bringing the ex-students and all the members. Students are taught to read books
and to acquire knowledge from the works of great authors. But mere reading of
books is not sufficient for education. So the students are also taught how to
write and express their own ideas in a good form and in different languages.
With this aim in view school and college magazines are published. They contain
a collection of articles, poems, stories and plays. They are written mainly by
the students and sometimes by teachers and past pupils. In fact, young talent
finds its first exposure through this medium. Magazines are generally published
annually.
Besides literary and scientific
articles, the school and college magazines contain information of the work done
by students in different spheres. The magazine records the achievements of
students and congratulates them for their hard work. They also contain
information regarding the games and sportsorganised by the school/college.
Sometimes, group photographs of the students and the staff are published. Thus,
the school and college magazines highlight important activities of the
school/college.
School magazines
are useful in many ways. They have a great educative value. They encourage the
students to think and write. So they develop their writing skills and talent.
They also develop their power of thinking and strengthen their imagination. In
this way the general knowledge of the students increases and they acquire the
habit of reading and writing. School magazines also teach the students the
value of co-operation and encourage healthy competition. They are a source of self-help
and self-confidence for students.
Students find real joy when they see
their names published in the school magazines, respectively. Besides, school
magazines are interesting for the ex-students of the school. They read articles
and their memory of the past days becomes fresh again. These magazines are a
means of bringing the ex-students and all the members of the school in touch
with one another.
FIELD TRIP.
A field trip or excursion is a journey by a group of people to a
place away from their normal environment. When done for students, it is also
known as school trip.The purpose of the trip is usually observation for education,
non-experimental research or
to provide students with experiences outside their everyday activities, such as
going camping with teachers and their classmates.
Field trips are most
often done in 3 steps: preparation, activities and follow-up activity.
Preparation applies to both the student and the teacher. Teachers often take
the time to learn about the destination and the subject before the trip.
Activities that happen on the field trips often include: lectures, tours,
worksheets, videos and demonstrations. Follow-up activities are generally
discussions that occur in the classroom once the field trip is completed.
Role
of field trip in education.
The
aim of this research is to observe the subject in its natural state and
possibly collect samples. Field trips are also used to produce civilized young
men and women who appreciate culture and the arts. It is seen that
more-advantaged children may have already experienced cultural institutions
outside of school, and field trips provide a common ground with more-advantaged
and less-advantaged children to have some of the same cultural experiences in
the arts.
EXCURSION
An excursion is a trip by a group of people, usually made
for leisure, education, or physical purposes. It is often an adjunct to a longer journey
or visit to a place, sometimes for other purposes.
Excursion considerations
Principals are responsible for the conduct
of all excursions and must ensure:
·
an
online notification of school activity form is completed prior to the activity
·
a
planning and approvals process is undertaken, in accordance with Departmental
policy and requirements, which takes into account the following considerations:
o venue selection
o safety, emergency and risk
management
o informed consent from parents
o medical information
o appropriate staffing and supervision
o student preparation and behavior
o requirements for any adventure
activities.
Role
of excurtion in education
(i) They provide direct source of knowledge and acquaint the
student with first hand information.
(ii) They provide an opportunity to the student for development
of his aesthetic sense.
(iii) By such excursion students become interested in the
exploration of their environment.
(iv) They help to develop in students a love for nature and
to acquaint them with the real happiness in the outside world.
(v) It helps in development of power of observations,
exploration, judgment and drawing inferences, problem solving ability of
students.
(vi) It helps in developing qualities of resourcefulness,
self- confidence, initiative and leadership amongst students.
(vii) It helps in developing cooperative attitude and
various others
(viii) It helps in proper utilization of leisure.
(ix) It motivates the students for self-study and
self-activity.
(x) It helps in the development of creative faculties of the
students.
CONCLUSION
Through
a variety of social and educational events, Student Life and Leadership offers
many opportunities to build RELATIONSHIPS with peers, faculty, and staff.
Club involvement provides students with the opportunity to engage with others
who share mutual interests .Integrating
physical activity into young children’s lives is essential for creating a
foundation of movement and activity that they will carry with them throughout
the rest of their lives. Physically active children learn habits in early
childhood that greatly increase their chances of remaining physically active
through their young adult and teenage years and into adulthood.
REFERENCE.
2. Dr.k .Sivarajan .Science education
of Methodology of teaching and pedagogic analysis.
Mariamma ,Teaching science for biological and
physical science.
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